相信干水处理的人应该没有不熟悉罗茨风机的，它是容积式压缩机的一种，属于旋转式机械。

　　Those who believe in dry water treatment should not be unfamiliar with Roots blowers, which are a type of positive displacement compressor and belong to rotary machinery.

　　罗茨风机在现实的工作环境中，十分容易被周围的环境所影响，进而产生故障。所以对罗茨风机进行故障的分析及处理就显得十分重要，因此，在查阅无数资料、和数十个朋友交流以后，小编给大家总结了罗茨风机常见的故障原因和解决方法。

　　Roots blowers are easily affected by the surrounding environment in real working environments, leading to malfunctions. So it is very important to analyze and handle the faults of Roots blowers. Therefore, after consulting countless materials and communicating with dozens of friends, the editor has summarized the common causes and solutions of Roots blowers.

　　1罗茨风机工作原理

　　Working principle of Roots blower

　　罗茨风机是一种容积型回转式气体动力机械，有2个腰形渐开线转子，通过主、从动轴齿轮使两转子作等速反向旋转，完成吸气排气过程。

　　Roots blower is a type of volumetric rotary gas powered machinery with two waist shaped involute rotors. The two rotors rotate in opposite directions at a constant speed through the main and driven shaft gears, completing the process of suction and exhaust.

　　如图所示，当左侧转子顺时转动时，右侧转子作逆时针转动，气体从进口吸入，随着旋转时所形成的工作室移动，最后从上面的出口排出。

　　As shown in the figure, when the left rotor rotates clockwise, the right rotor rotates counterclockwise, and gas is sucked in from the inlet. It moves with the working chamber formed during rotation and is finally discharged from the outlet above.

　　两转子相互之间、两转子与机壳及侧盖板之间，既要保证相互不发生碰撞，又要保证不因间隙过大影响效率。两转子运转中始终保持微小间隙，使排出的气体尽量不返回进气室。

　　It is necessary to ensure that there is no collision between the two rotors, and between the two rotors and the casing and side cover plate, while also ensuring that the efficiency is not affected by excessive clearance. Maintain a small gap between the two rotors during operation to minimize the return of exhaust gas to the intake chamber.

　　其特点为输出的风量与回转数成正比，当风机出口压力变化时，输送的风量并没有显著变化。罗茨风机本身不能压缩气体，压力的升高依赖排气口工作系统的背压。

　　Its characteristic is that the output air volume is proportional to the number of revolutions, and when the outlet pressure of the fan changes, the delivered air volume does not change significantly. The Roots blower itself cannot compress gas, and the increase in pressure depends on the back pressure of the exhaust working system.

　　2罗茨风机故障现象

　　Fault phenomenon of Roots blower 2

　　经过多次检修总结以及和水友的交流，造成机组故障的原因主要包括断轴、轴承损坏、机组振动大、转子卡死、轴封泄漏等，而造成检修频次增加的主要故障是转子卡涩与摩擦。

　　After multiple maintenance summaries and communication with water friends, the main causes of unit failures include shaft breakage, bearing damage, high unit vibration, rotor jamming, and shaft seal leakage. The main faults that increase maintenance frequency are rotor jamming and friction.

　　3罗茨风机故障原因分析

　　Analysis of the causes of faults in Roots blower 3

　　转子与壳体或转子间摩擦是罗茨风机常见故障，若在运行中出现此故障，将会伴随着严重的振动与噪声。罗茨风机经过长时间停机后，经常出现转子卡涩的现象，小编这里把故障的主要原因归纳为以下几类。

　　Friction between rotor and shell or rotor is a common fault of Roots blower. If this fault occurs during operation, it will be accompanied by severe vibration and noise. After a long period of shutdown, the Roots blower often experiences rotor jamming. Here, the main causes of the malfunction are summarized as follows.

　　转子分叶、合叶间隙不合适

　　Inappropriate clearance between rotor blades and blades

　　转子的分叶、合叶间隙不合适，运行中分叶、合叶间隙发生变化。两转子在低速旋转时会发生碰撞，造成转子间摩擦甚至卡涩。

　　The clearance between the rotor blades is not appropriate, and the clearance between the blades changes during operation. When two rotors rotate at low speeds, they may collide, causing friction and even jamming between the rotors.

　　如果运行中出现此故障，会使两转子间或转子与壳体发生碰撞，发出强力的撞击声；振动变大，甚至能引起基础振动；同时摩擦部位温度迅速升高，甚至出现机壳发热烧红现象。

　　If this fault occurs during operation, it will cause collision between the two rotors or between the rotor and the shell, producing a strong impact sound; The vibration increases and can even cause foundation vibration; At the same time, the temperature of the friction area rapidly increases, and even the casing heats up and burns red.

　　轴承损坏

　　Bearing damage

　　风机运行工况差、油封损坏、装配间隙超标等都会导致轴承损坏，而轴承损坏会造成温度升高，轴承座温度也会增加，严重时会使轴承座变形。

　　Poor operating conditions of the fan, damage to the oil seal, and excessive assembly clearance can all lead to bearing damage. Bearing damage can cause an increase in temperature, and the temperature of the bearing seat can also increase. In severe cases, it can cause deformation of the bearing seat.

　　特别是轴承内外圈抱死时，轴承座与侧盖板受到较大的额外力，温度也会很高，轴承座与侧盖板受热不均，严重时造成侧盖板变形，出现裂纹。

　　Especially when the inner and outer rings of the bearing are locked, the bearing seat and side cover plate are subjected to significant external forces, and the temperature is also high. The uneven heating of the bearing seat and side cover plate can cause deformation and cracking of the side cover plate in severe cases.

　　轴径磨损，使轴与轴承内圈间隙过大，轴承座磨损使轴承座与轴承外圈间隙过大，都会造成转子卡涩或摩擦。特别是皮带连接的风机，主动轴由于受皮带拉力的作用，致使轴承座单向受力较大，容易出现皮带侧主动轴的轴承座单边磨损。

　　Wear of the shaft diameter can cause excessive clearance between the shaft and the inner ring of the bearing, and wear of the bearing seat can cause excessive clearance between the bearing seat and the outer ring of the bearing, both of which can cause rotor jamming or friction. Especially for fans connected by belts, the active shaft is subjected to significant unidirectional force on the bearing seat due to the tension of the belt, which can lead to unilateral wear of the bearing seat on the belt side of the active shaft.

　　齿轮磨损

　　Gear wear

　　齿轮磨损，齿轮侧间隙增大，将造成两转子位置发生变化，使主动转子与从动转子之间合叶间隙变小、分叶间隙增大，引起两转子互相碰撞、摩擦。

　　Gear wear and increased clearance on the gear side will cause a change in the position of the two rotors, resulting in a decrease in the clearance between the active rotor and the driven rotor and an increase in the clearance between the blades, causing the two rotors to collide and rub against each other.

　　转子或壳体变形

　　Deformation of rotor or shell

　　如果转子或者壳体变形，会使转子外径与机壳的间隙过小，造成转子摩擦和卡涩。

　　If the rotor or housing deforms, it will cause the gap between the outer diameter of the rotor and the housing to be too small, resulting in rotor friction and jamming.

　　转子端面与侧盖板间隙小

　　The gap between the rotor end face and the side cover plate is small

　　如果转子与侧盖板间隙过小，有杂物挤进转子与侧盖板间；或轴向定位轴承磨损后，转子的轴向窜量变大，都造成转子与侧盖板发生摩擦，引起转子卡涩。

　　If the gap between the rotor and the side cover plate is too small, debris may squeeze into the space between the rotor and the side cover plate; After the axial positioning bearing wears out, the axial displacement of the rotor increases, causing friction between the rotor and the side cover plate, resulting in rotor jamming.

　　4罗茨风机故障处理方式

　　4. Troubleshooting methods for Roots blower

　　调节分合叶间隙

　　Adjust the gap between the splitting and folding blades

　　用塞尺检查转子分、合叶间隙值，使其在标准范围内。检查调节间隙的背帽与螺栓，保证其完好性。

　　Use a feeler gauge to check the clearance value between the rotor and the blade, ensuring it is within the standard range. Check the back cap and bolts that adjust the gap to ensure their integrity.

　　要求：分叶间隙占总间隙的 1/3，但不小于 0.15mm；合叶间隙占总间隙的 2/3，且要大于齿轮侧隙 1.5 倍。

　　Requirement: The blade clearance accounts for one-third of the total clearance, but not less than 0.15mm; the blade clearance accounts for two-thirds of the total clearance, and must be greater than 1.5 times the gear side clearance.

　　合叶为主动转子的啮合面向被动转子有靠近的趋势；分叶为主动转子的啮合面向被动转子有远离的趋势。若转子分、合叶间隙不合适，可调整齿套与轮毂或齿轮与轴的周向相对角度。

　　The meshing surface of the active rotor tends to approach the passive rotor; The meshing surface of the active rotor tends to move away from the passive rotor. If the clearance between the rotor blades is not suitable, the circumferential relative angle between the gear sleeve and the hub or between the gear and the shaft can be adjusted.

　　转子分叶、合叶的调整是罗茨风机检修的关键部分，直接决定着检修质量的好坏。不同类型的罗茨风机，有不同的调节形式。轴与齿轮为锥型无键连接时，一般通过调节轴与齿轮周向相对位置；轴与齿轮为键连接时，一般通过调节从动齿轮与轮毂的相对位置。

　　The adjustment of rotor blade splitting and merging is a key part of Roots blower maintenance, which directly determines the quality of maintenance. Different types of Roots blowers have different forms of adjustment. When the shaft and gear are connected in a tapered keyless manner, the relative position of the shaft and gear in the circumferential direction is generally adjusted; When the shaft is connected to the gear as a key, it is generally achieved by adjusting the relative position between the driven gear and the wheel hub.

　　风机正常运转过程中，随着齿轮磨损，间隙都会地发生变化，其中合叶间隙趋向减小，分叶间隙趋向增大。在调整两叶轮的工作间隙时，应预先将合叶间隙适当调大，一般合叶间隙是分叶间隙的 2 倍。

　　During the normal operation of the fan, as the gears wear, the clearance will change, with the closing clearance tending to decrease and the splitting clearance tending to increase. When adjusting the working clearance of the two impellers, the clearance between the blades should be appropriately increased in advance. Generally, the clearance between the blades is twice that of the clearance between the blades.

　　叶轮间隙调整时，首先将叶片转到与水平方向呈 45° 的位置，此时两叶轮的间隙即为分叶或合叶间隙。

　　When adjusting the clearance between the impellers, first rotate the blades to a position at a 45 ° angle to the horizontal direction. At this point, the clearance between the two impellers is the split or combined clearance.

　　现场调节时，一般用同样厚度的塞尺固定在两转子间，并将两转子固定，再装入主动齿轮，并将从动齿轮的标记对准主动齿的标记压入轴上，依次装上齿轮挡圈，止动垫圈和紧固螺帽。调整好后再用塞尺测量分叶间隙与合叶间隙的实际大小，如不合适重新调整，直到符合标准。

　　When adjusting on site, a feeler gauge of the same thickness is generally used to fix between the two rotors, and the two rotors are fixed. Then, the driving gear is installed, and the mark of the driven gear is aligned with the mark of the driving gear and pressed onto the shaft. The gear retaining ring, stop washer, and fastening nut are installed in sequence. After adjustment, use a feeler gauge to measure the actual size of the clearance between the dividing and closing blades. If it is not suitable, readjust it until it meets the standard.

　　更换轴承

　　replace the bearing

　　检查侧盖板是否变形有裂纹。变形不严重，可打磨高点；变形严重则更换侧盖板；如有裂纹，可进行补焊。

　　Check if the side cover plate is deformed or cracked. The deformation is not severe and can be polished to a higher point; If the deformation is severe, replace the side cover plate; If there are cracks, they can be repaired by welding.

　　检查轴承座与轴径是否磨损。如果轴磨损，一般进行补焊；如果轴承座磨损，单独的轴承座一般更换新件，不进行修理；轴承座与侧盖板为一体时，则补焊轴承座，使其配合间隙达到技术要求。

　　Check if the bearing seat and shaft diameter are worn. If the shaft is worn, it is generally repaired by welding; If the bearing seat is worn, the individual bearing seat is generally replaced with a new part without repair; When the bearing seat is integrated with the side cover plate, the bearing seat should be welded to meet the technical requirements for the fitting clearance.

　　检查齿侧间隙，更换齿轮

　　Check the tooth clearance and replace the gear

　　用红丹粉检查齿轮啮合部位的接触面积。检查齿侧间隙的方法有打表法、塞尺法、压铅丝法。

　　Check the contact area of the gear meshing part with red lead powder. The methods for checking the tooth flank clearance include marking method, feeler gauge method, and lead wire pressing method.

　　标准要求：侧隙 0.10~0.18mm、啮合部位在齿面中部，齿表接触面积沿齿高方向不小于 50%，沿齿宽方向不小于 70%。若检测结果不符合要求，需更换齿轮。

　　Standard requirements: Side clearance of 0.10~0.18mm, meshing position in the middle of the tooth surface, tooth surface contact area not less than 50% along the tooth height direction, and not less than 70% along the tooth width direction. If the test results do not meet the requirements, the gear needs to be replaced.

　　用塞尺测量转子与壳体的间隙

　　Measure the gap between the rotor and the housing with a feeler gauge

　　转子与壳体间隙的标准范围为 0.3~0.6 mm。现场检修时一般测量 6 点间隙，每个转子的上下与水平方向，如图所示。

　　The standard range for the clearance between the rotor and the housing is 0.3~0.6 mm. During on-site maintenance, the clearance is generally measured at 6 points, with each rotor in the vertical and horizontal directions, as shown in the figure.

　　变形较小可以进行打磨处理；变形较大或转子与壳体出现裂纹，应及时报废。

　　Small deformation can be polished; If there is significant deformation or cracks in the rotor and shell, they should be scrapped in a timely manner.

　　清理转子端面与侧盖板

　　Clean the rotor end face and side cover plate

　　用塞尺法检测转子端面与机壳的轴向间隙。定位端（ 齿轮侧）间隙d=0.1~0.2 mm，非定位端（ 皮带轮侧）间隙c=0.3~0.5 mm，总间隙的标准是 0.4~0.7mm。

　　Use a feeler gauge to measure the axial clearance between the rotor end face and the casing. The clearance between the positioning end (gear side) is d=0.1~0.2 mm, and the clearance between the non positioning end (pulley side) is c=0.3~0.5 mm. The standard for the total clearance is 0.4~0.7 mm.

　　不同类型的罗茨风机在不同工况下端隙不同，现场检修时按各自检修标准调整。若单侧间隙不合适，可通过加、减轴承调整垫片调整；若总间隙不合适，可通过加、减侧盖板结合面的调整垫片调整，但垫片厚度一般不超过 1mm。用推轴法测量转子的轴向窜量，窜量标准 0.05~0.10mm， 若超过标准最大值的 1.5 倍，则更换轴承。

　　Different types of Roots blowers have different clearances under different operating conditions, and should be adjusted according to their respective maintenance standards during on-site maintenance. If the clearance on one side is not suitable, it can be adjusted by adding or removing bearing adjustment shims; If the total clearance is not suitable, it can be adjusted by adding or subtracting shims on the joint surface of the side cover plate, but the thickness of the shims generally does not exceed 1mm. Measure the axial displacement of the rotor using the push shaft method, with a displacement standard of 0.05-0.10mm. If it exceeds 1.5 times the maximum standard value, replace the bearing.

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