罗茨风机普遍应用于石油化工、电力冶金、矿山建材、化肥造纸、污水处理以及轻纺加工等行业。在罗茨风机的运行过程中经常出现振动、发热、异音问题，本文分享讨论这些问题出现的原因及处理方法。1??

　　Roots blowers are widely used in industries such as petrochemicals, power metallurgy, mining and building materials, fertilizer and papermaking, sewage treatment, and textile processing. Vibration, heating, and abnormal noise often occur during the operation of Roots blowers. This article shares and discusses the causes and solutions of these problems. 1??

　　罗茨风机的结构和原理

　　Structure and principle of Roots blower

　　罗茨风机主要由机壳、墙板、叶轮、进出口消声器等4大部分组成。机壳：主要用来支撑墙板、叶轮、消声器和固定的作用。墙板：主要用来连接机壳与叶轮，并支撑叶轮的旋转，以及起到端面密封的效果。叶轮：是罗茨风机的旋转部分，分两叶和三叶，现在由于三叶的比两叶的出气脉动小、噪声小，运转平稳等很多优点，已逐渐代替两叶罗茨风机。消声器：用减小罗茨风机的进、出由于气流脉动产生的噪音。罗茨风机是通过叶轮轴主动齿带动从动齿同步相向旋转，从而使两叶轮之间和叶轮与墙板，叶轮与机壳之间皆具有适当的工作间隙，形成吸气和排气腔体。通过风机转子旋转，形成无内压缩地将机体内气体由进气到排气腔后排出机体，以达到鼓风目的。为了保证罗茨风机的正常运转，必须使两叶轮之间、叶轮与墙板之间、叶轮与机壳之间均保持一定的间隙。若间隙过大，会出现被压缩出去的气体通过间隙部分倒流回来，造成风机作功损耗，通常会显现出来的问题是不便于调节。若间隙过小，则由于转子、机壳受热膨胀，可能导致两叶轮之间、叶轮与墙板之间、叶轮与机壳之间出现相互摩擦现象，造成机壳与转子的磨损电机负载增大。2??

　　The Roots blower is mainly composed of four parts: the casing, wall panels, impeller, and inlet and outlet mufflers. Shell: mainly used to support wall panels, impellers, mufflers, and for fixing purposes. Wall panel: mainly used to connect the casing and impeller, support the rotation of the impeller, and provide end face sealing effect. Impeller: It is the rotating part of a Roots blower, divided into two blades and three blades. Nowadays, due to its advantages such as smaller air flow pulsation, lower noise, and smoother operation compared to two blades, three blades have gradually replaced two blade Roots blowers. Muffler: Used to reduce the noise generated by airflow pulsation at the inlet and outlet of Roots blower. Roots blower is driven by the active teeth of the impeller shaft to synchronously rotate the driven teeth towards each other, thereby creating appropriate working clearances between the two impellers and between the impellers and the wall panel, as well as between the impellers and the casing, forming suction and exhaust chambers. By rotating the fan rotor, the gas inside the body is drawn into the exhaust chamber without internal compression and discharged from the body, in order to achieve the purpose of blowing air. In order to ensure the normal operation of the Roots blower, it is necessary to maintain a certain gap between the two impellers, between the impeller and the wall panel, and between the impeller and the casing. If the gap is too large, compressed gas may flow back through the gap, causing power loss in the fan. The common problem is that it is not easy to adjust. If the gap is too small, due to the thermal expansion of the rotor and casing, it may cause friction between the two impellers, between the impeller and the wall panel, and between the impeller and the casing, resulting in wear of the casing and rotor and an increase in motor load. 2??

　　罗茨风机振动、发热、异响原因分析

　　Analysis of the causes of vibration, heating, and abnormal noise of Roots blower

　　罗茨风机主要由双列角接触球轴承、齿轮副、八字叶轮、墙板、机壳等部件组成，其产生振动、发热、异音的主要原因是其主要部件在装配中因加工误差或装配不到位所产生的。

　　The Roots blower is mainly composed of double row angular contact ball bearings, gear pairs, eight shaped impellers, wall panels, and casings. The main reasons for vibration, heat generation, and abnormal noise are due to machining errors or improper assembly of its main components during assembly.

　　1）齿轮副罗茨风机的运行是依靠主动齿带动从动齿同步相向旋转，带动叶轮旋转从而实现鼓风作用。因此，齿轮副中心距、齿轮箱轴孔中心距加工产生的形位误差是造成罗茨风机振动、发热、异音的主要原因。2）轴承轴向游隙调整不到位、轴承座磨损造成风机振动当发现风机振动突然增大时，首先用听音棒听轴承转动是否有异音，轴承室是否发热，轴承轴向间隙是否调整合理。这几点问题均会影响风机振动。3）叶轮罗茨风机的两叶轮相互之间、叶轮与墙板之间以及叶轮与机壳之间均应保持一定的间隙，以保证罗茨风机的正常运转。通常在维修过程中用塞尺进行间隙测量会发现间隙过小，主要是检修人员没有对从动齿轮齿轮圈与齿轮毂之间的定位销进行调整，出现定位作用失效，从而导致风机的振动、发热等异常情况的出现。3??

　　1) The operation of the gear pair Roots blower relies on the driving teeth driving the driven teeth to synchronously rotate towards each other, driving the impeller to rotate and achieve the blowing effect. Therefore, the shape and position errors caused by the machining of the center distance of the gear pair and the center distance of the gearbox shaft hole are the main reasons for the vibration, heating, and abnormal noise of the Roots blower. 2) The axial clearance of the bearing is not adjusted properly, and the bearing seat is worn, causing the fan to vibrate. When the fan vibration suddenly increases, first use a listening rod to listen for any abnormal noise when the bearing rotates, whether the bearing chamber is heating up, and whether the axial clearance of the bearing is adjusted reasonably. These issues will all affect the vibration of the fan. 3) The two impellers of the Roots blower should maintain a certain gap between each other, between the impeller and the wall panel, and between the impeller and the casing to ensure the normal operation of the Roots blower. Usually, when measuring the clearance with a feeler gauge during maintenance, it is found that the clearance is too small. This is mainly because the maintenance personnel did not adjust the positioning pin between the driven gear ring and the gear hub, resulting in the failure of the positioning function, which leads to abnormal situations such as vibration and heating of the fan. 3??

　　振动、发热、异响的处理方法

　　Methods for handling vibration, heating, and abnormal noise

　　1）解决罗茨风机齿轮副中心距偏差与齿轮箱轴孔中心距偏差的方法

　　1) Method for solving the deviation between the center distance of the Roots blower gear pair and the center distance deviation of the gearbox shaft hole

　　虽然通过测量和理论性的推算验证了这种误差的存在，但是由于设备制造中已经确定了罗茨风机齿轮中心距之间的配合偏差、齿轮轴线平行度误差、齿轮箱轴孔中心距偏差以及齿轮箱轴孔轴线平行度误差，因此在维修中无法调整误差。解决这些误差只有成对更换风机齿轮、叶轮轴，降低或消除齿轮齿侧间隙，消除此类故障。2）轴承轴向游隙调整不到位、轴承座磨损造成风机振动的解决方法首先要检查轴承滚动体、弹道的磨损情况，再对滚动轴承游隙进行测量，看是否存在轴承轴向定位不佳，通常对轴承端盖加减垫子压铅的方法来调整轴向间隙。若均在标准值范围内，取下轴承检查轴承是否存在跑外圈情况，若发现轴承室有磨损痕迹，可使用环氧树脂、配一定量的邻苯二甲酸、乙二胺进行粘接固定，可以消除此类故障。

　　Although the existence of this error has been verified through measurement and theoretical calculation, it cannot be adjusted during maintenance because the fitting deviation between the center distances of the Roots blower gears, the parallelism error of the gear axis, the deviation of the center distance of the gearbox shaft hole, and the parallelism error of the gearbox shaft hole axis have already been determined in the equipment manufacturing. The only way to solve these errors is to replace the fan gears and impeller shafts in pairs, reduce or eliminate the gear backlash, and eliminate such faults. 2) The solution to fan vibration caused by inadequate adjustment of bearing axial clearance and bearing seat wear is to first check the wear of the bearing rolling elements and trajectories, and then measure the clearance of the rolling bearings to see if there is poor axial positioning of the bearings. Usually, the axial clearance is adjusted by adding or removing pads and pressure leads on the bearing end caps. If all are within the standard range, remove the bearing and check if there is any outer ring running. If wear marks are found in the bearing chamber, epoxy resin, a certain amount of phthalic acid, and ethylenediamine can be used for adhesive fixation to eliminate such faults.

　　3）通过调整从动齿定位销位置来实现叶轮、墙板、机壳之间的间隙调整的方法从动齿轮是由齿轮圈和齿轮毂组成，从动齿上的定位销就是为了调节间隙而设计的。检修罗茨风机时，在安装齿轮副前不要固定从动齿轮的齿轮圈与齿轮毂之间的定位销，先把从动齿轮装入风机中。此时主动齿轮与从动齿轮配合通过联轴器手动盘车，调整齿轮副间隙以及之间叶轮的间隙，待间隙调整好后，将从动齿轮的齿轮圈与齿轮毂锁紧螺栓紧固，整体从设备中拆除，重新选择定位孔位置配钻，此时得到的定位孔才是风机目前的精确定位尺寸，如图2所示。安装后可将两叶轮倾斜45°将从动齿轮对准主动齿轮压入轴上，依次装入齿轮挡圈、齿轮垫圈和锁紧螺母。进行盘车，若不能转动，叶轮回转再调整齿轮的位置，直到转动灵活没有刮蹭或死点。此时紧固锁紧螺母，并在两叶轮之间用塞尺进行测量其间隙控制在30至60丝之间，再将从动齿轮的齿轮圈和齿轮毂用锁紧螺母紧固后拆下，在车床上配钻。这样就能准确地确定齿轮副齿侧间隙和叶轮之间的间隙，保证了叶轮与机壳、墙板之间的间隙符合设计标准。罗茨风机在维护保养过程中，以上三方面着手制定详细的检修标准和方案，可有效减少振动、发热、异音等故障的发生。欢迎留言沟通您遇到的问题。

　　3) The method of adjusting the clearance between the impeller, wall panel, and casing by adjusting the position of the driven gear locating pin is that the driven gear is composed of a gear ring and a gear hub, and the locating pin on the driven gear is designed to adjust the clearance. When repairing the Roots blower, do not fix the locating pin between the gear ring of the driven gear and the gear hub before installing the gear pair. First, install the driven gear into the blower. At this time, the driving gear and the driven gear are manually rotated through the coupling to adjust the clearance between the gear pairs and the clearance between the impellers. After the clearance is adjusted, the gear ring of the driven gear is tightened with the locking bolt of the gear hub, removed from the equipment as a whole, and the positioning hole position is re selected and drilled. The positioning hole obtained at this time is the current accurate positioning size of the fan, as shown in Figure 2. After installation, tilt the two impellers at a 45 ° angle to align the driven gear with the driving gear and press it onto the shaft. Then, install the gear retaining ring, gear washer, and locking nut in sequence. Perform turning, if unable to rotate, rotate the impeller and adjust the position of the gear until it rotates smoothly without any scratches or dead spots. At this time, tighten the locking nut and measure the gap between the two impellers with a feeler gauge to control it between 30 and 60 threads. Then tighten the gear ring and gear hub of the driven gear with the locking nut and remove them, and drill on the lathe. This can accurately determine the clearance between the gear pair teeth and the clearance between the impeller, ensuring that the clearance between the impeller and the casing or wall panel meets the design standards. In the maintenance process of Roots blower, detailed inspection standards and plans should be formulated in the above three aspects, which can effectively reduce the occurrence of faults such as vibration, heating, and abnormal noise. Welcome to leave a message to discuss the issues you have encountered.

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