三叶罗茨风机凭借其独特性能，在污水处理、气力输送、真空包装等诸多领域中得到广泛应用，然而，在长期运行过程中，不可避免地会出现多种故障问题，以下将从主要故障类型、成因剖析以及对应的解决策略展开详细阐述。

Three leaf Roots blowers have been widely used in various fields such as sewage treatment, pneumatic conveying, and vacuum packaging due to their unique performance. However, in long-term operation, various fault problems are inevitable. The following will elaborate on the main types of faults, causes, and corresponding solutions.

风量不足或压力下降这一故障，成因较为复杂。进气口堵塞是常见原因之一，滤网或消声器积尘会阻碍进气的顺畅性；对于皮带传动型风机，皮带打滑也是导致问题的因素，张紧力不足或皮带磨损均会影响传动效率；长期运行致使叶轮磨损，进而使得叶轮与壳体间隙增大，当间隙超出标准范围（0.10 - 0.25mm）时，便会影响风机性能；此外，系统泄漏，包括管道、法兰或密封部位的漏气，同样会造成风量与压力的下降。针对这些问题，相应的解决方案为清洁或更换滤芯以保障进气通畅；依据厂家要求调整皮带张力或及时更换新皮带，确保其具备合适的挠度；细致检查叶轮间隙，若超标则需进行修复或更换叶轮处理；采用肥皂水检测漏气点，通过紧固螺栓或更换密封垫片的方式解决泄漏问题。

The cause of insufficient air volume or pressure drop is quite complex. Air intake blockage is one of the common reasons, as dust accumulation in filters or mufflers can hinder the smoothness of air intake; For belt driven fans, belt slippage is also a contributing factor, as insufficient tension or belt wear can affect transmission efficiency; Long term operation leads to impeller wear, which in turn increases the gap between the impeller and the housing. When the gap exceeds the standard range (0.10-0.25mm), it will affect the performance of the fan; In addition, system leaks, including leaks in pipelines, flanges, or sealing areas, can also cause a decrease in air volume and pressure. The corresponding solution to these problems is to clean or replace the filter element to ensure smooth air intake; Adjust the belt tension according to the manufacturer's requirements or replace the belt with a new one in a timely manner to ensure that it has appropriate deflection; Carefully inspect the clearance between the impellers. If it exceeds the standard, repair or replace the impellers; Use soapy water to detect leakage points, and solve the leakage problem by tightening bolts or replacing sealing gaskets.

风机出现过热（轴承 / 壳体温度高）的情况，存在多种潜在原因。润滑油不足或变质，即齿轮箱缺油或者油品发生劣化，会致使润滑效果不佳；冷却不良也是重要因素，风冷型风机散热片积灰会影响散热，水冷型风机冷却水流量不足则无法有效带走热量；过载运行，当系统阻力过大或排气压力超过额定值时，会使风机负荷加重从而产生过多热量；轴承损坏，因润滑不良或疲劳磨损导致轴承卡死，也会引发过热现象。解决该问题需要检查油位，及时补充或更换推荐的 ISO VG 220 齿轮油；清理散热片或全面检查冷却水系统，确保水冷型风机的冷却水流量达到或超过 2m³/h；合理调整工况，通过加装安全阀或采用变频调速的方式避免超压运行；更换耐高温轴承，如选用 SKF/C&U 等品牌的优质轴承。

There are multiple potential reasons for the overheating of the fan (high bearing/housing temperature). Insufficient or deteriorated lubricating oil, i.e. gearbox oil shortage or oil degradation, can lead to poor lubrication effect; Poor cooling is also an important factor. Dust accumulation on the cooling fins of air-cooled fans can affect heat dissipation, while insufficient cooling water flow in water-cooled fans cannot effectively remove heat; Overload operation, when the system resistance is too high or the exhaust pressure exceeds the rated value, will increase the load on the fan and generate excessive heat; Bearing damage, caused by poor lubrication or fatigue wear leading to bearing jamming, can also cause overheating. To solve this problem, it is necessary to check the oil level and promptly replenish or replace the recommended ISO VG 220 gear oil; Clean the heat sink or conduct a comprehensive inspection of the cooling water system to ensure that the cooling water flow rate of the water-cooled fan reaches or exceeds 2m ³/h; Reasonably adjust the working conditions and avoid overpressure operation by installing safety valves or using variable frequency speed regulation; Replace high-temperature resistant bearings, such as using high-quality bearings from SKF/C&U brands.

异常振动或噪音大的故障，其根源主要涉及多个方面。叶轮动平衡失效，叶轮粘附杂质或发生腐蚀会破坏其平衡状态；联轴器 / 皮带轮不对中，安装偏差若超过 0.05mm/m，会在运行中产生振动与噪音；地脚螺栓松动，长期振动容易导致固定螺栓松脱，影响风机的稳定性；齿轮磨损，同步齿轮啮合不良会产生冲击噪声。解决此类问题需要清洁叶轮或重新进行动平衡处理，将不平衡量控制在≤1g 的范围内；使用激光对中仪校正联轴器同心度，使其偏差调整至 ±0.02mm；紧固地脚螺栓，并加装防松垫片以增强固定效果；检查齿轮磨损情况，若磨损严重则需及时更换齿轮组。

The root cause of abnormal vibration or loud noise faults mainly involves multiple aspects. Failure of impeller dynamic balance, adhesion of impurities or corrosion to the impeller can disrupt its balance state; If the coupling/pulley is misaligned and the installation deviation exceeds 0.05mm/m, vibration and noise will be generated during operation; Loose anchor bolts and long-term vibration can easily cause the fixing bolts to loosen, affecting the stability of the fan; Gear wear and poor meshing of synchronous gears can generate impact noise. To solve such problems, it is necessary to clean the impeller or perform dynamic balancing again to control the unbalance within the range of ≤ 1g; Use a laser alignment instrument to calibrate the concentricity of the coupling and adjust its deviation to ± 0.02mm; Tighten the anchor bolts and install anti loosening washers to enhance the fixing effect; Check the wear of the gears, and if the wear is severe, replace the gear set in a timely manner.

漏油（齿轮箱或轴封处）故障主要由以下原因引发。油封老化是常见因素，长期高温运行会使橡胶密封硬化开裂，从而失去密封作用；油位过高会导致齿轮箱内油压过大，油液便会从呼吸阀渗出；轴磨损，轴封部位因长期摩擦产生沟槽，也会造成漏油。解决漏油问题需要更换性能优良的油封，推荐采用氟橡胶或聚四氟乙烯材质的油封；调整油位至油标中线位置，且需在运行状态下进行检查确认；对磨损的轴套进行修复或更换处理，可通过镀铬的方式修复磨损部位。

Oil leakage (at gearbox or shaft seal) faults are mainly caused by the following reasons. Oil seal aging is a common factor, and long-term high-temperature operation can cause rubber seals to harden and crack, thereby losing their sealing function; Excessive oil level can cause excessive oil pressure in the gearbox, leading to oil leakage from the breather valve; Shaft wear and groove formation in the shaft seal area due to long-term friction can also cause oil leakage. To solve the oil leakage problem, it is necessary to replace the high-performance oil seal. It is recommended to use oil seals made of fluororubber or polytetrafluoroethylene material; Adjust the oil level to the center line of the oil gauge and check and confirm it while in operation; The worn shaft sleeve can be repaired or replaced by chrome plating.

电机过载跳闸同样存在多种可能原因。电压不稳定，当电网电压波动超过 ±10% 时，会影响电机的正常运行；进口阻力大，滤网堵塞或阀门未全开，会增加风机的运行负荷；风机内部卡滞，异物进入或轴承损坏等情况会阻碍风机的正常运转。针对这些问题，有效的解决方案包括加装稳压器或仔细检查供电线路，以确保电压稳定；清理进口管道，保证阀门处于全开状态，减少进气阻力；手动盘车检查风机，及时排除卡死故障，保障风机的顺畅运行 。

There are also multiple possible reasons for motor overload tripping. Voltage instability, when the voltage fluctuation of the power grid exceeds ± 10%, will affect the normal operation of the motor; High import resistance, clogged filter screens or valves not fully open can increase the operating load of the fan; Internal jamming, foreign objects entering, or damaged bearings can hinder the normal operation of the fan. Effective solutions to these issues include installing voltage regulators or carefully inspecting power supply lines to ensure voltage stability; Clean the inlet pipeline to ensure that the valve is fully open and reduce intake resistance; Manually rotate and inspect the fan, promptly eliminate any stuck faults, and ensure the smooth operation of the fan.

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